Biotin metabolic absorption and physiological function

Biotin, also called vitamin H, coenzyme R. Biotin is a ureido ring containing a sulfur atom and one acid side chain, are known to have 8 isomers, naturally existing only alpha-biotin, and have biological activity. Biotin is colorless acicular crystal, easy to soluble in water, slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in ethanol, insoluble in organic solvents. With good thermal stability, general cooking loss is not big, strong acid, strong alkali and oxidant can destroy it, ultraviolet ray also can make it gradual destruction. Biotin mostly stored in the liver, contain lower levels in blood.

Metabolic absorption: biotin in food is mostly exist in free form or combined with proteins. Biotin binding with protein in the role of intestinal protease, form biocytin, then through the action of intestinal biotin enzyme, release free biotin. The main parts of biotin absorption is proximal small bowel. The low concentration is active absorbed by carrier transport; the high concentration is absorbed by simple diffusion form. The absorption biotin via portal circulation, transported to the liver, kidney internal storage, other cells also contain biotin, but less. Human intestinal bacteria can from two Pimelic acid instead of azelaic acid to synthetize biotin, but as the biotin direct source is not enough. The biotin in human body is mainly by the urinary excretion, milk also has a biotin discharge, but the quantity is very few.

Physiological function: the main function of biotin is playing a role in decarboxylation, coenzyme function carboxylation reaction and hydrogenation reaction, can transferred CO2 from one compound to another compound, so that a compound turn into another. Pharmacological doses of biotin can reduce type I diabetes blood sugar levels, improve the experimental rats glucose tolerance, insulin resistance. Biotin also can maintain various experimental animals’ immune cells to normal function.

Normal need: because of the gut bacteria can synthesize biotin, so it is not easy to accurately determine the biotin requirement. Adult daily intake is 30 micrograms, baby nurse daily intake is 35 micrograms; Excessive reaction: the biotin toxicity is very low, so far there is no biotin toxicity report.

Deficiency: researches by cosmetic raw material suppliers found that biotin deficiency is mainly appear skin symptoms, such as visible hair thinning, loss of luster, skin dry, scaly dermatitis, red rash, severe rash can distribute around the eyes, nose and mouth. In addition, accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, mucosal atrophy of tongue papillae, mucosa grey, numbness, depression, fatigue, myalgia, hypercholesterolemia and abnormal electroencephalogram. These symptoms occur in biotin deficiency after 10 weeks. Babies under 6 months of age can appear seborrheic dermatitis.

From biotin supplier we know biotin widely exists in food cheese, liver, kidney, cheese, soy, wheat, rice, strawberry, grape, grapefruit, beer, liver, eggs, lean meat, dairy products. People like to eat raw eggs and drinking wine and coffee need to add biotin; antibiotics or sulfa daily intake of at least 25 μ g; men with thinning hair intake of biotin, prevent hair loss effect is obvious; in pregnancy, biotin will loss quickly, should complement reasonable under the guidance of the physician.

Source:http://www.cosprm.com